![]() Firearms with less height from the grip line to the barrel centerline tend to experience less muzzle rise. The interchangeable terms muzzle rise, muzzle flip, or muzzle climb refer to the tendency of a handheld firearm's front end (the muzzle end of the barrel) to rise after firing. The forces A and B operating over moment arm/height C create torque or moment D, which rotates the firearm's muzzle up as illustrated at E The height difference between barrel centerline and average point of contact is height C. The shooter resists the forces by contact with the gun at grips and stock B. Projectile and propellant gases act on barrel along barrel center line A. Overall, the development of the muzzle brake was a gradual process that involved experimentation and refinement over many years. In late 1930s and especially during World War II the device became common on both firearms and artillery pieces. 37-mm and 105-mm guns) with pepper-pot muzzle brakes, Soviet Union adopted 152 mm gun M1910/34, and European countries started designing and producing AT rifles featuring muzzle brakes. In mid-1930s, Bofors designed several successful artillery pieces (e. 28, and in 1928, Schneider et Cie (which was allied with Škoda at the time) updated their 220 mm TR mle 1915/1916 with a muzzle break patented by Eugène Schneider II way back in 1912. Cutts' earliest patent is from 1925 ), in 1927 Škoda patented a family of muzzle break designs, one of which was used on 8 cm kanon vz. In the later 1920s, there was some limited progress: around 1926, Cutts compensator became an option in the Thompson SMG (R. A US patent was issued for a "recoil obviator" in 1871 (there is no indication it was ever tested), while an experimental British anti-tank rifle in 1918 featured a muzzle brake, but was not adopted. Īntoine Treuille de Beaulieu invented a prototype based on the idea in 1842 and had it tested in 1862, but he himself called the idea "too new". The concept of a muzzle brake had been experimented with for many years prior to its successful implementation: in 1922, a US Army Ordnance Department official stated in US Congress that "the muzzle brake was used in another form 20 years ago, and even longer ago than that, but it has never been successfully applied". They are used on pistols for practical pistol competitions, and are usually called compensators in this context. They have been used in various forms for rifles and pistols to help control recoil and the rising of the barrel that normally occurs after firing. It was a common feature on many anti-tank guns, especially those mounted on tanks, in order to reduce the area needed to take up the strokes of recoil and kickback. The concept of a muzzle brake was first introduced for artillery. Barrels with an integral muzzle brake are often said to be ported. The muzzle brake of an M198 155mm howitzer venting propellant gases sideways as the howitzer is firedĪ muzzle brake or recoil compensator is a device connected to, or a feature integral to the construction of, the muzzle or barrel of a firearm or cannon that is intended to redirect a portion of propellant gases to counter recoil and unwanted muzzle rise.
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